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Archive for the ‘Kidney’ Category

What is chronic kidney disease?
Chronic renal failure corresponds to the progressive destruction of the functional units of the kidney, the nephrons (one million nephrons per kidney) until the kidneys can not perform all the required functions.

What function do the kidneys?
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs that are located near the midline of the back, just below the rib cage. The kidneys act as sophisticated waste collectors. Thus, these organs:

Cleanse the blood of toxins produced by the organism filtered, purified and excess water leveling produce three important hormones: erythropoietin: stimulates the production of red blood cells by the bone, renin: regulates blood pressure, and can form vitamin D: it helps maintain calcium for bones and for normal chemical balance in the body Read the rest of this entry »

Diagnosis

A doctor will perform a series of blood tests and urine tests that will help establish the presence of kidney stones. Different imaging techniques are used to diagnose kidney stones, including tomography computer or an IVP, a type of radiological examination of the urinary tract.

If the presence of a kidney stone is discovered, a doctor may request a metabolic balance that would allow him to assess all the body’s reactions and to identify a metabolic disorder. This process may involve blood tests and urine samples excreted over 24 hours (as urinalysis, the urine pH and urine culture). If a stone is passed, will release an analysis of its components. Read the rest of this entry »

Description

A kidney stone is formed when a small grain of a mineral substance circulating in the urine is deposited in the kidney or ureter, a duct that connects the kidney to the bladder. Other minerals agglutineront the small grain which will increase volume and make a stony consistency over time.

There are four main types of kidney stones, and their classification is based on the chemical substances which consist of: calcium salts (calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, a mixture of calcium oxalate and phosphate calcium), magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), uric acid or cystine. Sometimes, though rarely, that some drugs are the cause of calculations after solidification into crystals in the urine. Kidney stones are most commonly composed of calcium oxalate naturally present in urine. Read the rest of this entry »

Kidney diseases that involve structures in the kidney outside the glomerulus widely designated as the tubulointerstitial. These diseases generally involve tubules and / or the interstitium of the kidney glomeruli and save. Although the primary glomerular diseases are often associated with tubulointerstitial changes ahead, the clinical presentation is dominated by the aftermath of glomerular injury, so they are not considered in this article.

Tubulointerstitial diseases of the kidney surrounding diverse etiologies and pathophysiological processes, and the patient may present an acute or chronic.

Many forms of tubulointerstitial damage include exposure to drugs or other nephrotoxic agents such as heavy metals and, rarely, infection. By far the most common form of tubulointerstitial inflammation is immunologic.

Nephritis is inflammation of the kidneys. It can be caused by a bacterial infection of the kidneys (pyelonephritis) or exposure to a toxin. However, it usually develops from an abnormal immune reaction, which can occur in two ways: Read the rest of this entry »

The colic is defined literally as pain kidney . These pains occur when a calculation (rock) gets stuck in a urinary tract of a kidney.

A little anatomy and physiology

The kidneys are located in the back below the ribs. Their role is to purify the body of waste it produces, such as uric acid, ammonia, drugs, and … products such as excess minerals ( calcium , the sodium , the potassium . ..). Some may give precipitates and form small stones or calculations.
Evacuate these kidneys in urine are collected in the pelvis , and then they go down into the ureters, tubes coming out of each kidney into the bladder . Urine is stored in the bladder, they can be eliminated by relaxing the sphincter voluntarily by another tube, the urethra, which runs from the bladder and goes outside. Read the rest of this entry »